The Use of Snoezelen to Support People With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities: An International Survey Describing the Perspectives of Support Persons

BACKGROUND: Snoezelen is often used for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities, but scarcely evaluated. This study aimed to provide insight into the application and perceived effects of snoezelen from the perspective of support persons. METHOD: We conducted an international survey with professionals (n = 130) and relatives (n = 8) supporting people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Information regarding the application and perceived effects was gathered. Content and descriptive analysis were used. RESULTS: Despite variation, common characteristics were identified regarding purpose, approach and context. Perceived positive effects mostly concerned improved mental health of the person receiving snoezelen (n = 88). A person-centred approach was reported as important element for positive effects. CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the use of snoezelen for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. These insights can be used for future research into working elements and effects of snoezelen and facilitate evidence-based support.